Macaque
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Macaques
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(Macaca fascicularis)
Mother and child in the Ubud Monkey Forest Sanctuary (Bali, Indonesia)
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Scientific classification
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Kingdom:
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Animalia
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Phylum:
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Chordata
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Class:
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Mammalia
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Order:
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Primates
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Family:
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Cercopithecidae
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Subfamily:
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Cercopithecinae
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Genus:
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Macaca
Lacepede,
1799
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Type species
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Simia inuus
Linnaeus,
1758 = Simia sylvanus Linnaeus, 1758
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The macaques (IPA: /məˈkak/) constitute a genus (Macaca, IPA: /məˈkakə/) of Old World monkeys of the
subfamily Cercopithecinae.
Aside from humans (genus Homo),
the macaques are the most widespread primate genus, ranging from northern
Africa to Japan. Twenty-two macaque species are currently recognised, and they
include some of the monkeys best known to non-zoologists, such as the Rhesus
Macaque (as the Rhesus Monkey), Macaca mulatta, and the Barbary Macaque
(as the Barbary Ape), M. sylvanus, a colony of which lives on the Rock
of Gibraltar. Although several species lack tails, and their common names
therefore refer to them as apes, these are true monkeys, with no greater
relationship to the true apes than any other Old World monkeys.
Several species of macaque
are used extensively in animal testing.
In the late 1990s it was
discovered that nearly all (circa 90%) pet or captive macaques are carriers of
the herpes-B virus. This virus is harmless to macaques, but infections of
humans, while rare, are potentially fatal. A 2005 University of Toronto study
showed that urban performing macaques also carried simian foamy virus,
suggesting they could be involved in the species-to-species jump of similar
retroviruses to humans.[1]
Species
list
Genus Macaca
- M. sylvanus group
- Barbary Macaque, Macaca sylvanus
- M. nemestrina group
- Lion-tailed Macaque, Macaca silenus
- Southern Pig-tailed Macaque or Beruk, Macaca
nemestrina
- Northern Pig-tailed Macaque, Macaca
leonina
- Pagai Island Macaque
or Bokkoi, Macaca pagensis
- Siberut Macaque, Macaca
siberu
- Moor Macaque, Macaca
maura
- Booted Macaque, Macaca ochreata
- Tonkean Macaque, Macaca
tonkeana
- Heck's Macaque, Macaca hecki
- Gorontalo Macaque, Macaca
nigriscens
- Celebes Crested Macaque or Black
"Ape", Macaca nigra
- M. fascicularis group
- Crab-eating Macaque or Long-tailed
Macaque or Kera, Macaca fascicularis
- Stump-tailed Macaque or Bear Macaque, Macaca
arctoides
- M. mulatta group
- Rhesus Macaque, Macaca
mulatta
- Formosan Rock
Macaque, Macaca cyclopis
- Japanese Macaque, Macaca
fuscata
- M. sinica group
- Toque Macaque, Macaca
sinica
- Bonnet Macaque, Macaca
radiata
- Assam Macaque, Macaca
assamensis
- Tibetan Macaque or
Milne-Edwards' Macaque, Macaca thibetana
- Arunachal Macaque or
Munzala, Macaca munzala
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See also
- Natasha (monkey) - a zoo animal that began
walking on its hind legs after a stroke.
- Britches (monkey) - a laboratory animal
originally being used to research blindness but it was stolen by criminals
before the experiments could be completed.
References
- Groves, Colin (16
November 2005). Wilson, D. E., and Reeder, D. M. (eds): Mammal Species of the World, 3rd
edition, Johns Hopkins University Press, 161-165. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Macaque&action=history
http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html