Peru
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Cuisine
Ceviche
There is great variety in
Peruvian cuisine. Common plants include maize, tomatoes, bananas, potatoes, rocoto
(also called uchu), oca, ulluco, avocado (palta), chirimoya, lúcuma,
and pineapple (anana). Meat comes from animals such as the huemul
(similar to the little red brocket), llama, and Guinea pig (cuy). As American,
European and Moorish culinary traditions combined, new meals and ways of
preparing them arose. The arrival of Africans and Chinese also influenced the
development of Creole cuisine.
Peruvian cuisine is
becoming more popular on the world gastronomic scene. It is a blend of
Amerindian and Spanish food with influence from other groups, including
Africans, Italians, Chinese and Japanese, all of whom have added their own
ingredients and traditions to the mix.
Peru's many climate zones
also make it possible to grow a wide range of crops. There are the dozens of
native potato, maize and chile pepper varieties from the Andes, with rocoto
being one of the most popular. Fish and seafood from the Pacific coast, mangoes
and limes from the coastal valleys, and bananas and manioc from the Amazon
jungle add distinctive touches to the national cuisine.
Some examples of typical Peruvian
dishes are the shrimp stew chupe de camarones, and the anticuchos (beef heart
roasted in brochettes). Olluco con charqui is a casserole made of ulluco and charqui,
the Andean pachamanca is comprised of meats, tubers and broadbeans cooked in a
stone oven, and the lomo saltado is a dish of fried meat, tomatoes, and onion
which is reminiscent of Chinese cuisine but is served with fried potatoes. The picante
de cuy is a casserole of fried guinea pig.
The best known and most
popular Peruvian dish is ceviche, which is fish and shellfish marinated in lime
juice. The most popular ceviche is a type of seafood cocktail where the fish
has been marinated in lime with onions and hot peppers, but not cooked. The
lime's acid denatures the protein and turns the fish white, "cooking"
it. There are several types of ceviche that include fish only, mussels, or
mixed seafood. Other typical food include staples from the Andes; humitas (tamales),
roasted guinea pig, papa a la Huancaina, Jalea de Mar, chilcano, sudado, aguadito,
tallarin saltado, aji de gallina, arroz con pollo (chicken and rice), Seco de
Res, chicharrones, tacu tacu, carapulcra (dry potato), choncholi, salchipapas, Mondonguito
a la Italiana, chanfainita, ocopa, different Chifa dishes (Chinese food made
with Peruvian ingredients), estofado, Bistec a la Pobre, arroz con pato, rocoto
relleno, empanadas, pollo a la brasa, lechon, Picante de Mariscos, and Turron
de Doña Pepa.
Manjar Blanco, a dessert
similar to caramel, is very popular in Peru. Also Crema Chantilly is very
popular in cakes. Other desserts include Mazamorra Morada, arroz con leche, flan,
picarones, Crema Volteada, leche asada, torta helada, and the little know but
delicious King Kong, that hails from the provice of Chiclayo.
Peruvian food can be
accompanied by typical drinks like the chicha de jora, made with sun-dried
corn. There are also chichas made of purple corn and peanuts. The most popular
soft drink is called Inca Kola, which is a yellowish cream soda, but other
sodas are popular too, such as Kola Inglesa, Guarana Backus, and other very
common fruit sodas like orange, pineapple, and lemon. Peru's most well known
beverage is the Pisco which originated in the Peruvian department of Ica. People
from Chile have tried to steal the Pisco, claiming it belongs to them. They
have also tried to steal the Suspiro Limeño, another dessert.
Sports
Futball (soccer): The most popular Peruvian sport is
football World Cup appearances: 1930, 1970 (quarterfinalists), 1978
(quarterfinalists), 1982 and two Copa America trophies). Most of the population
of Peru follows the World Cup tournament on television. Soccer legends from
Peru include Hugo Sotil, Cesar Cueto, Roberto Challe, Jose Chumpitaz,Percy
Rojas, Juan Carlos Oblitas and Teofilo Cubillas: Peru's best striker in the
World Cup Finals with 10 goals.
Current renowned players
include midfielder Nolberto Solano (Newcastle United), and strikers Claudio
Pizarro (FC Bayern Munich), Jose Paolo Guerrero (SV Hamburg) and Jefferson
Farfán (PSV Eindhoven). Universitario de Deportes, Alianza Lima, Sporting
Cristal, and Cienciano are the biggest teams in Peru. In 2003, Cienciano won
the Copa Sudamericana by beating Argentinian club River Plate, and then
proceeded to beat Latin American powerhouse Boca Juniors from Argentina too in
the SuperCup played in Miami.
Taekwondo: Jean Carlos Gamarra, Silver Medal,
13th South American Games, Arequipa - Peru 1997. Bronze Medal, 11th Pan
American Taekwondo Championships, Lima - Peru 1998. 19th in World Male Fin
Weight Ranking, 2001. Gold Medal, American Open, U.S.A. 2002. Member of the
World Taekwondo Federation Hall of Fame, Seoul - S.Korea.
Jean Carlos
Gamarra (right) is declared winner.
Volleyball: Other popular sport is Women’s
Volleyball (Silver medal in Seoul 1988 Olympic Games, Runners-up in World
Championship in 1982 and 12 times South American champion).
Surfing: Felipe Pomar, 2nd World Surfing
Championship, Peru 1965, Sofia Mulanovich, Women’s World Surf Champion in 2004
and 2005.
Sailing: Peru is the only country of the
region that has won the Central, South American & Caribbean Championships
for six years in Sunfish Class. In the Optimist Class, it was three times World
Champion in Team-Racing in 1997, 1998, and 1999, and have more South
American Champions in J24, Windsurf, Laser Class and Lightning.
Shooting: Peruvian shooters have won 3 of
Peru's 4 Olympic medals. Edwin Vásquez won Peru's only gold medal in London
1948 Olympic Games, while Francisco Boza (Los Angeles 1984), and Juan Giha
(Barcelona 1992) both won silver medals.
Tennis: Luis Horna and Jaime Yzaga are the
most famous Peruvian tennis players. Tennis Hall of Famer and Davis Cup and
Wimbledon winner Alejandro Olmedo was born in Peru but he played for the United
States.
Two men
playing Paleta Fronton in Lima, Peru
Paleta Fronton is a Peruvian sport born in Lima
officially in 1945 in "Regatas Lima" Club. This sport has its roots
in the "Pelota Vasca" brought by the Spanish Conquerors and the
domestic "Pelota Mano" wrongly called at that time
"Handball" because of the English influence. - - Paleta Fronton is
played with a wood, graphite or carbon blade and a black rubber ball. The court
consists of a concrete wall of 5 meters in height and 6 meters in width with
lines on the floor limiting the court
International
rankings
Organisation
Survey
Ranking
Heritage
Foundation/The Wall Street Journal
Index of
Economic Freedom
63 out of
157
The
Economist
Worldwide
Quality-of-life Index, 2005
53 out of
111
Reporters
Without Borders
Worldwide
Press Freedom Index
112 out
of 167
Transparency
International
Corruption Perceptions Index
70 out of
163
United
Nations Development Programme
Human
Development Index
82 out of
177
World
Economic Forum
Global
Competitiveness Report
74 out of
125
A.T.
Kearney/Foreign Policy Magazine
Globalization
Index 2005 PDF
53 out of
62
Further
reading
- The Peru Reader: History, Culture,
Politics, Duke
University Press, 2nd edition 2005, ISBN 0-8223-3649-9
- "The Imperfect Spy: The Many Lives of
Vladimiro Montesinos", Sally Bowen and Jane Holligan. 2003.
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peru&action=history
Cuisine
Ceviche
There is great variety in
Peruvian cuisine. Common plants include maize, tomatoes, bananas, potatoes, rocoto
(also called uchu), oca, ulluco, avocado (palta), chirimoya, lúcuma,
and pineapple (anana). Meat comes from animals such as the huemul
(similar to the little red brocket), llama, and Guinea pig (cuy). As American,
European and Moorish culinary traditions combined, new meals and ways of
preparing them arose. The arrival of Africans and Chinese also influenced the
development of Creole cuisine.
Peruvian cuisine is
becoming more popular on the world gastronomic scene. It is a blend of
Amerindian and Spanish food with influence from other groups, including
Africans, Italians, Chinese and Japanese, all of whom have added their own
ingredients and traditions to the mix.
Peru's many climate zones
also make it possible to grow a wide range of crops. There are the dozens of
native potato, maize and chile pepper varieties from the Andes, with rocoto
being one of the most popular. Fish and seafood from the Pacific coast, mangoes
and limes from the coastal valleys, and bananas and manioc from the Amazon
jungle add distinctive touches to the national cuisine.
Some examples of typical Peruvian
dishes are the shrimp stew chupe de camarones, and the anticuchos (beef heart
roasted in brochettes). Olluco con charqui is a casserole made of ulluco and charqui,
the Andean pachamanca is comprised of meats, tubers and broadbeans cooked in a
stone oven, and the lomo saltado is a dish of fried meat, tomatoes, and onion
which is reminiscent of Chinese cuisine but is served with fried potatoes. The picante
de cuy is a casserole of fried guinea pig.
The best known and most
popular Peruvian dish is ceviche, which is fish and shellfish marinated in lime
juice. The most popular ceviche is a type of seafood cocktail where the fish
has been marinated in lime with onions and hot peppers, but not cooked. The
lime's acid denatures the protein and turns the fish white, "cooking"
it. There are several types of ceviche that include fish only, mussels, or
mixed seafood. Other typical food include staples from the Andes; humitas (tamales),
roasted guinea pig, papa a la Huancaina, Jalea de Mar, chilcano, sudado, aguadito,
tallarin saltado, aji de gallina, arroz con pollo (chicken and rice), Seco de
Res, chicharrones, tacu tacu, carapulcra (dry potato), choncholi, salchipapas, Mondonguito
a la Italiana, chanfainita, ocopa, different Chifa dishes (Chinese food made
with Peruvian ingredients), estofado, Bistec a la Pobre, arroz con pato, rocoto
relleno, empanadas, pollo a la brasa, lechon, Picante de Mariscos, and Turron
de Doña Pepa.
Manjar Blanco, a dessert
similar to caramel, is very popular in Peru. Also Crema Chantilly is very
popular in cakes. Other desserts include Mazamorra Morada, arroz con leche, flan,
picarones, Crema Volteada, leche asada, torta helada, and the little know but
delicious King Kong, that hails from the provice of Chiclayo.
Peruvian food can be
accompanied by typical drinks like the chicha de jora, made with sun-dried
corn. There are also chichas made of purple corn and peanuts. The most popular
soft drink is called Inca Kola, which is a yellowish cream soda, but other
sodas are popular too, such as Kola Inglesa, Guarana Backus, and other very
common fruit sodas like orange, pineapple, and lemon. Peru's most well known
beverage is the Pisco which originated in the Peruvian department of Ica. People
from Chile have tried to steal the Pisco, claiming it belongs to them. They
have also tried to steal the Suspiro Limeño, another dessert.
Sports
Futball (soccer): The most popular Peruvian sport is
football World Cup appearances: 1930, 1970 (quarterfinalists), 1978
(quarterfinalists), 1982 and two Copa America trophies). Most of the population
of Peru follows the World Cup tournament on television. Soccer legends from
Peru include Hugo Sotil, Cesar Cueto, Roberto Challe, Jose Chumpitaz,Percy
Rojas, Juan Carlos Oblitas and Teofilo Cubillas: Peru's best striker in the
World Cup Finals with 10 goals.
Current renowned players
include midfielder Nolberto Solano (Newcastle United), and strikers Claudio
Pizarro (FC Bayern Munich), Jose Paolo Guerrero (SV Hamburg) and Jefferson
Farfán (PSV Eindhoven). Universitario de Deportes, Alianza Lima, Sporting
Cristal, and Cienciano are the biggest teams in Peru. In 2003, Cienciano won
the Copa Sudamericana by beating Argentinian club River Plate, and then
proceeded to beat Latin American powerhouse Boca Juniors from Argentina too in
the SuperCup played in Miami.
Taekwondo: Jean Carlos Gamarra, Silver Medal,
13th South American Games, Arequipa - Peru 1997. Bronze Medal, 11th Pan
American Taekwondo Championships, Lima - Peru 1998. 19th in World Male Fin
Weight Ranking, 2001. Gold Medal, American Open, U.S.A. 2002. Member of the
World Taekwondo Federation Hall of Fame, Seoul - S.Korea.
Jean Carlos
Gamarra (right) is declared winner.
Volleyball: Other popular sport is Women’s
Volleyball (Silver medal in Seoul 1988 Olympic Games, Runners-up in World
Championship in 1982 and 12 times South American champion).
Surfing: Felipe Pomar, 2nd World Surfing
Championship, Peru 1965, Sofia Mulanovich, Women’s World Surf Champion in 2004
and 2005.
Sailing: Peru is the only country of the
region that has won the Central, South American & Caribbean Championships
for six years in Sunfish Class. In the Optimist Class, it was three times World
Champion in Team-Racing in 1997, 1998, and 1999, and have more South
American Champions in J24, Windsurf, Laser Class and Lightning.
Shooting: Peruvian shooters have won 3 of
Peru's 4 Olympic medals. Edwin Vásquez won Peru's only gold medal in London
1948 Olympic Games, while Francisco Boza (Los Angeles 1984), and Juan Giha
(Barcelona 1992) both won silver medals.
Tennis: Luis Horna and Jaime Yzaga are the
most famous Peruvian tennis players. Tennis Hall of Famer and Davis Cup and
Wimbledon winner Alejandro Olmedo was born in Peru but he played for the United
States.
Two men
playing Paleta Fronton in Lima, Peru
Paleta Fronton is a Peruvian sport born in Lima
officially in 1945 in "Regatas Lima" Club. This sport has its roots
in the "Pelota Vasca" brought by the Spanish Conquerors and the
domestic "Pelota Mano" wrongly called at that time
"Handball" because of the English influence. - - Paleta Fronton is
played with a wood, graphite or carbon blade and a black rubber ball. The court
consists of a concrete wall of 5 meters in height and 6 meters in width with
lines on the floor limiting the court
International
rankings
|
Organisation |
Survey |
Ranking |
|
Heritage
Foundation/The Wall Street Journal |
Index of
Economic Freedom |
63 out of
157 |
|
The
Economist |
Worldwide
Quality-of-life Index, 2005 |
53 out of
111 |
|
Reporters
Without Borders |
Worldwide
Press Freedom Index |
112 out
of 167 |
|
Transparency
International |
Corruption Perceptions Index |
70 out of
163 |
|
United
Nations Development Programme |
Human
Development Index |
82 out of
177 |
|
World
Economic Forum |
Global
Competitiveness Report |
74 out of
125 |
|
A.T.
Kearney/Foreign Policy Magazine |
Globalization
Index 2005 PDF |
53 out of
62 |
Further
reading
- The Peru Reader: History, Culture,
Politics, Duke
University Press, 2nd edition 2005, ISBN 0-8223-3649-9
- "The Imperfect Spy: The Many Lives of
Vladimiro Montesinos", Sally Bowen and Jane Holligan. 2003.
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peru&action=history